Excellent question Goyal, and especially pertinent to engineers
Here is my 2 cents' here
“I am completely convinced that there will be a major conflict over natural resources, particularly waterâ€
Klaus Toepfer, Director General UNEP, 1999
The monsoon is late, the wells are running dry and in the teeming city of Bhopal, water supply is now a deadly issue. It was a little after 8pm when the water started flowing through the pipe running beneath the dirt streets of Bhopal's Sanjay Nagar slum. After days without a drop of water, the Malviya family were the first to reach the hole they had drilled in the pipe, filling what containers they had as quickly as they could. Within minutes, three of them were dead, hacked to death by angry neighbours who accused them of stealing water (#-Link-Snipped-# ) July, 2009
Then there is peak oil:
Peak oil is the point in time when the maximum rate of global petroleum extraction is reached, after which the rate of production enters terminal decline
Wikipedia
Oil & War Oil Future and War Now: A Grim Earth Sciences’ Point of View.
 Fig 1. Complete cycle of world crude oil production  Worldwide per-capita oil consumption is closely correlated with the standard of living. In developing nations like China and India increasing prosperity therefore requires increased per-capita oil consumption. However, oil is a finite resource whose production globally is about to begin to decline irreversibly. Consequently the growing demand for oil is leading to a growing global conflict in which the Gulf War, the 9/11 attack, and the war in Iraq are just the first three skirmishes.  These skirmishes pale in comparison with the looming potential conflict over oil with China.
Stanford University research (#-Link-Snipped-#)
Have we reached peak oil?
"A year ago, oil price reached a record $ 147 per barrel. The whole world turned to Saudi Arabia, the traditional swing producer, for extra production to quench its oil thirst. But the Kingdom declared it was unable to do anything about it, signaling the end of cheap oil and thus long term economic growth, and triggering a huge economic crisis which temporary slashed oil demand, price and investments in future production"
Richard Heinberg, Author
Global warming:
Despite what oil companies are saying, global warming follows the Arrhenius law. It does not bode well for us
Mass extinction:
The space nations (USA, India, China, Russia etc.) have an obligation to work together to prevent mass extinction from outer space.
Nuclear power:
The nuclear nations (India included) will play a leading role as fossil fuel becomes increasingly unacceptable.
Just some thoughts. Anybody wants to add to this?
