Questions from Geotechnical Experts - Sand Columns

Dear Forum Members,

I am a new researcher in the area of Geotechnical Engineering. I am writing to seek your opinion about the problems associated with sand column construction, particularly with the use of sand.

May I request you to share your insights on the following:

1) Current problems in the construction of sand columns. (including stone columns)

2) Geotechnical aspects in which sand does not behave ideally in sand columns.

3) Potential areas where the performance of sand columns still needs improvement

Thanks in advance for your assistance.

Best regards,

Farhan