load factor v/s diversity factor

Replies

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  khaled hamza

  
  Utilization Factor
  In normal operating conditions the power consumption of a load is sometimes less than that indicated as its nominal power rating, a fairly common occurrence that justifies the application of an utilization factor (ku) in the estimation of realistic values.
  This factor must be applied to each individual load, with particular attention to electric motors, which are very rarely operated at full load. In an industrial installation this factor may be estimated on an average at 0.75 for motors.
  For incandescent-lighting loads, the factor always equals 1.
  For socket-outlet circuits, the factors depend entirely on the type of appliances being supplied from the sockets concerned.
  
  Diversity Factor
  It is a matter of common experience that the simultaneous operation of all installed loads of a given installation never occurs in practice, i.e. there is always some degree of diversity and this fact is taken into account for estimating purposes by the use of a simultaneity factor (ks).
  The factor ks is applied to each group of loads (e.g. being supplied from a distribution or sub-distribution board). The determination of these factors is the
  responsibility of the designer, since it requires a detailed knowledge of the installation and the conditions in which the individual circuits are to be exploited. For this reason, it is not possible to give precise values for general application.
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  Arp

  load factor is average load on a power plant divided by max demand
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  Arp

  diversity factor is ratio of sum of individuals max demand to gen statin max demand